Why this one is worth memorizing outright
Most of the oral rewards reasoning over recall, but VFR weather minimums are an exception. An examiner will point at a spot on the chart and expect the visibility and cloud clearances right now, the way you'd expect a value back from an instrument. Hesitation here reads as a gap, so this is a table to genuinely know cold.
The good news is that it's structured, not random. The numbers track altitude and airspace busyness, and once you see the pattern you're memorizing a shape rather than a wall of digits.
The numbers that matter
The default almost everywhere: 3 statute miles visibility and the 'three-one-two-thousand' cloud clearances — 500 feet below, 1,000 feet above, and 2,000 feet horizontal. This is your Class E below 10,000 MSL and most of your everyday flying.
Class B: 3 statute miles and clear of clouds. Because ATC separates everyone inside Bravo, you only need to see and be seen, so the cloud rule collapses to simply staying out of them.
Class G, day, at or below 1,200 feet AGL: 1 statute mile and clear of clouds. This is the big exception that lets you scud-run legally — though legal and wise aren't the same thing.
Class G, night: 3 statute miles and the standard 500/1,000/2,000 clearances once you're above 1,200 AGL, with a few low-altitude allowances near an airport.
At and above 10,000 feet MSL (and more than 1,200 AGL): the numbers jump to 5 statute miles visibility with 1,000 feet below, 1,000 feet above, and 1 statute mile horizontal — because true airspeeds are higher up there and you need more room to see and avoid.
Drill it until it's instant
Don't try to swallow the whole table at once. Memorize the default first (3 SM, 500/1,000/2,000), then layer on the three exceptions: Bravo is clear of clouds, low Class G during the day drops to 1 and clear, and above 10,000 MSL everything gets bigger. Three exceptions to one rule is far easier than five separate facts.
Then test recall the way you'll be tested: a spot on the chart, an altitude, and an instant answer. Quizzing yourself out loud in a mock oral turns this from something you can look up into something you simply know — which is exactly where it needs to be by checkride day.